Third, the high concentration of water in aqueous buffer sets up an equilibrium that disfavors release of a water molecule, a process that is required to form the iminium ion. Several factors make reductive amination of sugars to proteins challenging. Reductive Amination via Catalytic Hydrogenation. Reductive amination via catalytic hydrogenation of a mixture of aldehyde or ketone and ammonia leads to a predominance of primary amine when excess ammonia is present. The pH value of the solution is shown to be critical for a high catalytic chemoselectivity and activity, with the best pH value being 4.8.

The dendritic catalysts showed good activity in the multistep reductive amination of a free amino acid in water, albeit that prolonged reaction times as compared to the free catalyst were required. reaction. First, the reducing agent must be stable in water, unreactive with aldehydes, and yet reactive with iminium ions. Herein, we report on a nanostructured nickel catalyst for the general and selective synthesis of primary amines via reductive amination, employing ammonia dissolved in water… Reductive amination of carbonyl compounds with primary amines is a well-established synthetic methodology for the selective production of unsymmetrically substituted secondary and tertiary amines. Reductive amination is the name usually employed to indicate a synthetic protocol for the preparation of amines that involves a two-step reaction between a carbonyl compound and a primary or secondary amine (or even ammonia or ammonium salts), in the presence of a selective reducing agent [1–2]. Due to the size of the macromolecular catalysts, it was possible to employ them in a dialysis device for conducting reductive aminations of free amino acids in water. The carbonyl compound and the nitrogen derivative undergo a dehydrative condensation to …

The reductive amination was fast and could be completed within 5 min. Reductive amination of various ketones and aldehydes by transfer hydrogenation under aqueous conditions has been developed, by using cyclometallated iridium complexes as catalysts and formate as hydrogen source. Thus, the whole process does not re-quire use of any anhydrous solvents or reagents. Dalian National Lab for Clean Energy, State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China.

From the industrial and green chemistry perspective, it is attractive to combine reductive amination with the synthesis of primary amines in a single one-pot catalytic process. The reductive amination reaction proceeds via the immediacy of an imine or imminium species, which can be pre-formed/ isolated, but is normally formed and reduced in situ through the judicious choice of a selective reducing agent. water-soluble, they can be first dissolved in DMF and diluted with PBS. Reductive amination (also known as reductive alkylation) is a form of amination that involves the conversion of a carbonyl group to an amine via an intermediate imine.The carbonyl group is most commonly a ketone or an aldehyde.It is considered the most important way to make amines, and a majority of amines made in the pharmaceutical industry are made this way. Sodium cyanoborohydride meets these requirements and is by far the most common reducing reagent used for reductive amination of aldehydes to proteins. After the reaction, the product can be di-rectly purified by HPLC with >95% purity.